Business ethics and Deontology - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1607 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Ethics Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? BUSINESS ETHICS The Organizational Ethics concern an individuals moral judgments in regards to good and bad. Decisions taken at regular intervals is likewise made by individuals or groups, however whoever makes them are going to be affected by the society of the corporate. The decision to act morally may be a moral one laborer ought to choose what they accept is that the right game plan. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Business ethics and Deontology" essay for you Create order This could include dismissing the course that may bring about the most imperative short benefit. Moral conduct and organization social obligation will bring imperative focal points to a business. Case in point, they might: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Attract clients to the companys item, along these lines boosting deals and benefits à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Make specialists wish to stay with the business, scale back work turnover and subsequently build profit à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Attract a ton of laborers urgent to work for the business, scale back accomplishment costs and change the corporate to impel the principal talented specialists à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Attract speculators and stay with the offer esteem high, accordingly defensive the business from takeover. Dishonest conduct or a nonattendance of organization social obligation, by examination, may harm a companys name and make it less speaking to stakeholders. Benefits may fall as a loss. ETHICAL APROACH A large portion of the study of ethics deals with the approach or supply of the principles or standards to be used for moral deciding in business. Variety of thought have developed that embrace the approaches. 1. Deontology Deontologists hold that bound underlying principles square measure right or wrong no matter the circumstances. For that reason, deontology is taken into account a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“rule-basedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  approach to ethics. To be an ethical person, one should not solely bring forth smart results however use the right suggests that and act with smart intentions. The most effective glorious deontologist is eighteenth century German thinker, Immanuel Kant, argued that folks will develop ethical principles through reasoning alone. Following his logic, one may reason that behaviors like telling a lie square measure wrong no matter the result, even though the lie was told so as to shield someoneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s safely. Thus, its durable to develop inerrant, universal laws or categorical imperativ es concerning lying and different behavior. For example the student who refuses to cheat on exam is morally worthy if her or his decision springs from universal duty, but morally unworthy if the decision is merely born of self interest, such as fear of being caught[1]. However how does the individual of goodwill comprehend what is right to react Kant propound the downright basic, the idea that each individual ought to follow up on just those standards that she or he , as an issue individual would recommend as all inclusive laws to be connected to the entire of humankind. This methodology is called as universalism[2]. Universalism offers guidance with regard to the rules by which someone should make decisions. Kant recognized universal rights such as freedom of speech, freedom of consent, the right to privacy. Issues arise when an individual does not know which rules to follow[3]. 2. Utilitarianism A different perspective is doctrine that focuses upon the ethical rightnes s of the results. A simplified clarification is that actions square measure smart if the implications square measure smart and unhealthy if the implications square measure unhealthy. Actions in and of themselves square measure neither ethical nor immoralà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ it is that the results that count. This enables us another to deontology and ethical relativism; but, the most challenge is in knowing that consequences take priority over others[4]. Utilitarianism additionally maintains that a moral act produces the best doable smart for the foremost individuals. Per eighteenth century thinker philosopher, an honest or ethical act is one that ends up in the best happiness for the best number. At face price, doctrine could seem to be a practicable idea; but, decisive the best happiness for the best range is advanced. Uses an example with Beech-Nut fruit crush that illustrates the matter. within the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"80s, the Beech-Nut Nutrition Corporation learned that a cargo of fr uit crush concentrate from a provider didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t meet the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s standards as a result of some cases of the merchandise solely contained seasoned drinking water rather than pure juice. Failing to fulfill standards conferred an ethical quandary as a result of Beech-Nut marketed its juice as one hundred percent pure. Beech Nut came back the unused product however struggled confirm what to do and try to do regarding the used concentrate as a result of an examination of the finished product couldnt faithfully determine that cases contained actual juice and that contained drinking water. Beech Nut ultimately selected to require its possibilities with the general public and leave the merchandise on the market knowing it had been not one hundred pc pure, a call that was acceptable by Utilitarian standards however deemed unjust by critics who argued that Beech-Nut sacrificed customers for the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s long economic viability[5]. People w ho think they will be true to their ethics have probably never examined their ethics. (Badaracco, Webb, 1995). How would you choose which one is better Doing the right thing and Making the best choice Future clash between an individuals ethical decisions and an associations moral choices are most effortlessly tended to as somebody tries to join the association. In the event that an individual is prepared to join an organization or business, it is essential that he (or she) be displayed with the organizations center values and set of accepted rules (if accessible). The prospective new part should then figure out whether it is conceivable to accommodate their ethical decisions with the associations morals as passed on in the organizations qualities and implicit rules. Consent to join the organization certainly expect that this compromise has occurred, however it can be made unequivocal by obliging consent to an implicit rules[6]. Tending to morals in choice making in busines s or other expansive associations or gatherings (e.g., government) does point to the need to guarantee that key centering choices (the choices highlighted in green) have been made and are set up. Specifically, the business choice for center qualities ought to be set up to give the objectives/necessities that will be utilized to make and oblige the criteria utilized as a part of the system of business choices. This centering choice can impact criteria for choices all through the system of business choices (the choices in blue), straightforwardly affecting moral choice making and authoritative behavior. Here are some criteria that can help guarantee fitting moral contemplations are a piece of the choices being made in the association: Consistence Does it fit in with the organizations qualities and code of morals? Does it meet (ought to surpass) legitimate prerequisites? Advance great and lessen hurt What arrangement will respect the vast majority while minimizing any conceivable mischief? Obligation What option gives the most capable reaction? Does the arrangement guarantee meeting our obligations as an issue corporate resident [7]. Changing role of Ethics in the Organization Future In the 21st century, morals is not an alternative. More than capability, experience, sagacity and drive, individuals at all levels of an association need moral qualities. As indicated by Kidder (2001), The guideline errand of this decade is the creation and sustaining of qualities based society. Due to the far reaching measure of time individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s use at work, much of that supporting must happen in the business environment. Rushworth M. Kidder is the organizer and president of the Institute for Global Ethics, an association whose exploration has recognized four key variables in making qualities based society. These variables include: Imparted center qualities As indicated by Kidder (2001), there are five center qualities found in some structure in every society around the world. They are genuineness, regard, obligation, reasonableness and empathy. A qualities based society will make these center val ues the main thrust in choice making. Regular dialect Representatives require a dialect of morals that permits them to convey promptly and agreeably about issues that are commonly delicate and hard to examine. Successful morals preparing projects give the regular dialect required. Duty at the top Morals preparing is useless without top-level administrators who walk the discussion. At the point when pioneers reliably compensate the individuals who decide to do the right thing, it serves to make a moral society more than all else could. Moral boldness Kidder (2001) depicts moral valor as the nature of psyche and soul that empowers one to face up to moral issues and good wrongdoings immovably and unhesitatingly, without recoiling or withdrawing. Morals, way of life and society must get to be interwoven to the point that they cant be divided. They constitute how individuals identify with each other in the home, the working environment and all aspects of society[8]. BIBLIOGRAPHY Hyper Links Decision-making-solutions.com, (2014). Ethics in Decision Making. Available at: https://www.decision-making-solutions.com/ethics_in_decision_making.html [Accessed 27 Nov. 2014]. Regent.edu, (2014). The Role of Ethics in 21st Century Organizations Leadership Advance Online, School of Business Leadership, Regent University, Virginia Beach, Virginia. Available at: https://www.regent.edu/acad/global/publications/lao/issue_11/brimmer.htm [Accessed 27 Nov. 2014]. Web.utk.edu, (2014). Ethical Models. Available at: https://web.utk.edu/~rhovland/EthicalModels.html [Accessed 27 Nov. 2014]. Publication Laura P Hartman. (2005) Perspectives in Business Ethics. McGraw-Hill Irwin, page no 8 9. [1] Perspectives in Business Ethics, Laura P Hartman, 2005, page 8. [2] Perspectives in Business Ethics, Laura P Hartman, 2005, page 8. [3] Perspectives in Business Ethics, Laura P Hartman, 2005, page 9. [4] https://web.utk.edu/~rhovland/EthicalModels.html [5] https://web.utk.edu/~rhovland/EthicalModels.html [6] https://www.decision-making-solutions.com/ethics_in_decision_making.html [7] https://www.decision-making-solutions.com/ethics_in_decision_making.html [8] https://www.regent.edu/acad/global/publications/lao/issue_11/brimmer.htm

Health Detriments Caused by Fast Food - 1808 Words

There are many different obstacles and challenges that the people of the world face globally each and every day with regards to attaining a successful future. When looking to the future, ideally, many of us desire to see things like great fitness in our population (with regards to reproduction and evolution), better health care, cures for cancers, ends to wars and political disputes and differences. Many of us are not giving enough thought and credit to the fact that to even get close to that type of a future, we need to start with the basics. We need to start to look at our food future. The food that we ingest and thrive off of from the beginnings of our lives right up until death can be looked at as the crucial building blocks to a healthy a long life. Food is what keeps us alive, nourishes our bodies and minds and helps us to lead healthy lives with our families and our societies. Because food and the nutrients that are provided to our bodies is such a key player in our survival, I think it only makes sense that we be concerned about how healthy our food is and question where it’s going to come from in the future. I believe that to reach a successful future by means of food, we should focus on the following; eliminating pesticides and chemicals from our food production, eating a simpler set diet filled with essential nutrients, learn and begin to share the wealth of larger countries with those who are less fortunate, be more aware and careful when it comes toShow MoreRelatedFast Food Restaurants: A Detriment to the Health of Americans833 Words   |  4 Pagesthe have eaten regularly at fast food restaurants. As the obesity rate increases, the number of fast food restaurants goes up as well. Although it is not certain, many believe that obesity in the United States is correlated to eating fast food. 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The changes, although economically beneficial for America as a whole, are becoming a detriment to the health of our society. Perhaps the biggest innovation is the rise of fast food culture. The mass fast food monopoly is growing more and more every day, and with the aidRead MoreMedia s Influence On Media1703 Words   |  7 Pagesthe human body. The media heavily promotes unhealthy foods while at the same time telling people they need to lose weight and be thin. Some people get sucked into the appeal of the fatty foods advertised. With cheap prices, easy access, and enticing images, it sounds too good to be true. However, the advertisers fail to mention the nutritional facts. People may unknowingly be signing themselves up for the risk of obesity. Although the fast food advertisements appeal to all of our senses, there is

Sustainable Development Plan Leisure of Business

Question: Describe about the Sustainable Development Plan for Leisure of Business. Answer: Introduction Hilton Sydney is a 5-star hotel located in the heart of the city which is near to Hyde Park, the State theatre and Sydney Opera House. The hotel has exceptional facilities for leisure or business. The hotel has magnificent views and convenient access to the major attractions of the city such as Sydney Harbour Bridge, Darling Harbour and Bondi Beach. The hotel offers a wide range of hotel accommodation such as deluxe rooms or spacious suites. The facility has 28 conference or meeting rooms, full gym facilities and 25m swimming pool. The hotel has a partnership with LivingWell Premier Health Club. The hotel has an exclusive bar which is backed by the famous celebrity chef Luke Mangan. The hotel also has a rooftop terrace lounge with live music facilities. Hilton Sydney is one of the largest places for convention with 4,000sqm flexible floor space which can accommodate over 3,000 people across four floors. In total, there are 579 rooms and suites. The sculpture is sun-filled displaying a majestic sculpture by Bronwyn Oliver. The rooms offered at the hotel are innovative and modern with Aquavision bathroom TV. Different areas are provided for work, rest or lounging. There are multiple dining venues that satisfied the needs of all the visitors. The hotel offers daily breakfast and internet access at various packages to enhance the stay of guests. Sydney Hilton also provides business convenience through express mail modem, photo copying service, video conferencing services, secretarial service, office rental and meeting rooms (Kokalitcheva 2015). The hotel also looks after the familys comfort and convenience through childrens video rental, menu, high chairs, cribs, babysitting service and family package offering. For personal comfort and convenience, services and amenities such as ATM, concierge, elevators, lounge, multi-lingual staff, tour desk, safety deposit box, electric service, beauty salon, bar, spa, foreign currency exchange and baggage storage is provided. For fitness and recreation, fitness rooms, pool and bicycling services (Amay 2015). Evidently, with the wide range of product and service facilities, a large number of staff force is required to manage the hotel efficiently. This report analyses the target issues and recommendations that can help the hotel grow sustainably (del Mar Alonso?Almeida et al., 2013). Analysis of Strengths and Weaknesses This section presents an analysis of the strengths and weaknesses faced by the hotel. Strengths of Sydney Hotel Hilton Well recognized brand image: Hilton hotel is under the brand name of the Hilton Hotel Corporation (HHC). This corporation is highly recognized for its luxurious hospitality and excellent service. Not only is the brand image, but Hotel Hilton also Australias largest center for the conventions and meeting (Morris Kazi 2014). Diversification of the service: Hotel Hilton in Sydney has segmented their business for both the high end and mid-end class. Thus, the service is available in the different section of the community. They have divided their service criteria as per the market segmentation; that means they are focused on the customer preferences. Efficient management system: Hilton Hotel has always maintained a good profile on the management issues like the employee retention, business practices and the ethical consideration while handling the effective relationship with the employees. Frequent improvement of the business process: Hotel Hilton maintains an integrated approach to avail the maximum technological supports as well as it modifies it business strategies with the changing scenario of the market. As mentioned by, Sloan, Legrand and Chen (2013), if an organization continuously upgrades the strategies to cope with the market demand, it becomes easier for that organization to retain the reputation. Positive feedback from the customer: Satisfaction from the customers is highly effective to obtain the brand image (Chong Ricaurte, 2015). Hotel Hilton in Sydney is one of the preferred accommodations among the clients. The positive response and customer satisfaction are important factors that have made this organization successful. Weaknesses of Sydney Hotel Hilton Lack of sustainable approach: It has become a major issue for the Hotel Hilton. There are lots of concerns regarding the maintenance of sustainable approach. Water sustainability, reducing the greenhouse gas emission, waste management is some issues that are required to be monitored by the authority of the hotel. When the Australian tourism industry is focusing on the sustainability of the environment, this hotel has lagged behind to meet those provisions to possess the environmental sustainability. Moreover, using of harsh chemicals and other hazardous substances is another negative point about this hotel. Wastage of the water is critical in the hospitality industry (Azad, Ancev Hernndez-Sancho, 2015). Hotel Hilton has not taken any initiatives to reduce the problems regarding such concerns. Moreover, waste management is another concern; because there is no such aspect that can manage the waste products of this hotel. The Hotel has not taken any initiative to recycle the waste prod ucts also. The hotel followed traditionally and backdated process of waste management, laundry and dishwashing services. Whereas, hospitality industry across the world has started acknowledging the factors related to the sustainability using modern techniques to management waste, alternative ways to handle water management and power consumption (Berezan, Millar, Raab, 2014). Moreover, use of the less technologically advanced equipment facilitates more power consumption (Abdi, Creighton Nahavandi, 2013). Hence, lack of sustainable approach has become a major issue for the Hotel Hilton. People have become aware of environmental issues; as Hilton hotel is not considering the issues the reputation has getting affected. Not so comfortable ambience: Clients have complained over the ambience and environment of the hotel Hilton. There are several objections regarding the noise management of the hotel. Customers who have stayed here have faced over the noisy environment. Not only the environment issue but also customers have complained about the service of the staffs. Clients have complained about the mismanagement of the company and approach of the staffs. Some of the customers have also reported that the pricing of the hotel room is extravagant in too some extent comparing to the service. If the customers are not happy with the service it will leave an impact on the reputation and recognition of the organization (Berezan, Millar, Raab, 2014). Less effective relation with the shareholders: An organization can only become successful when it holds an effective relationship with the shareholders and the partners of the organization (Lockyer, 2013). It has been reported that the internal shareholders are facing issues with the governing body of the Hilton hotel. They are not satisfied with the working procedures the management follows. Moreover, as Hotel Hilton is a part of the international venture, members from the different countries are involved. In this context, the clash of opinions makes the organizational structure vulnerable. Lack of modification: Reports have also revealed that customers have issues with the lack of variety regarding the service. Changing situations always demand a revision of the strategies (Melissen, 2013). Hotel Hilton has not taken any serious steps to modify their services and the business strategies. The service can be reached to the maximum of the customers if the Hotel Hilton revises the services and take necessary steps to modify the services. People always get attracted to the unique and attracting services; that is why if the hotel Hilton promotes new packages and modified services it would be more attracted to the consumers. Not successful in capturing the extended market: Hotel Hilton is potential of grabbing the emerging market. However, it has not look forward to capturing the emerging market. The company has no such vision to grab the international market. Not focused on target customers from booming countries: Australia has always remained in the favorite list of the travelers from countries like China and India. However, Hotel Hilton has not focused on their service range keeping this fact in mind; as a result, it has failed to grow interested in the clients from those countries. In this regard, it can be said that the company has not taken sufficient approach to analyzing the social factors seriously. Incapable of competing with strong rival companies: As the hospitality industry in Australia is emerging many international companies have set their ventures in the country as well as in Sydney. This situation is giving Hotel Hilton fierce competition. Stagnant growth: This is a major concern for the Hotel Hilton; as mentioned by, Benckendorff Lund-Durlacher (2013), if the company fails to generate more revenues it will seize the business growth of the organization. As the Hilton hotel has not adopted any innovative and attractive approach for the market expansion, it has become restricted to the domestic and regional market. Easily get impacted by the economic and political instability: It is common in most of the countries that are why the hospitality industry is suffering from huge loss across the world (Lockyer, 2013). Sydney is no different; turbulence in the financial and political sector is highly influential for the hospitality industry. Hotel Hilton has also become affected by the economic constraints of the Australia. The fragile foundation has made it vulnerable to the unstable political, social and economic situation. Target Problem Areas The importance of sustainability in the hospitality sector involves environmental, social and economic impact. Sustainability is one of the most critical issues that is being faced by Hilton Sydney. As analysed in the previous section, Hilton Sydney has a dramatic impact on the environmental levels as there is high consumption of water and energy consumption. The hotel consumes a large amount of electricity, fuel, operations and other power needs. Water is used in enormous quantities for food and beverages, laundry, cleaning and maintenance, irrigation of parks and others. Additionally, the generation of waste through disposal of paper, bulbs and batteries, equipment, furniture, appliances and more adds to environmental damage (Yadav Dabhade, 2013). Further, there are economic issues faced by Hilton Sydney. High operating costs are one of the crucial issues being faced by the hotel. The operating costs of the hotel are too high which make the hotel expensive and over-priced for the value provided to the customers. Due to high energy and insurance cost, the operating cost may potentially erode the income. Hilton Sydney has experienced labour shortages and high labour costs that make it difficult for attracting employees to the hotel (Berezan et al., 2013). On the social front, there has been a shift in brand image as there are other hotels taking initiatives for enhancing their corporate image. The guest image and perception is not too positive due to less involvement in community, education and culture. There is a risk of culture clashes as the hotel has various visitors from across the world and the staffs may fail to understand their cultures or needs. In an unfamiliar environment, the guests may not be comfortable if the staffs are not welcoming in nature (Wang, 2014). Workable Solutions This section presents the workable solutions based on the weaknesses identified in the previous section. Hilton Sydney recognizes the importance of environmental responsibility and improving performance towards a sustainable future. Cost Savings- Cost is a significant driving factor and Hilton Sydney must reduce operating costs providing a compelling incentive for the hoteliers. Hilton Sydney must employ a number of strategies to reduce, reuse and recycle waste. Financial savings shall help the hotel operate in an intensely competitive market. The inventory levels must be kept low so that there is less wastage or spoilage and the staffs do a better job. Switching to LED lighting may also lead to energy-efficient supply. The right housekeepers must be hired so that the processes are not repeated or do not get wasted. The government incentive programs and green programs must be introduced for saving cost (Liu, Xie, Zhao, 2014). Fiscal and Economic Incentives- Hilton Sydney must utilize the government programs and grants. For encouraging the development of environmental retrofits, the green buildings must be constructed so that economic and fiscal incentives must be enacted. The benefits such as insurance premium discounts, development soft costs and expedited regulatory permitting must be utilized by Hilton Sydney. A list of more incentives shall help in encouraging the construction and design of green buildings across the globe. Tax credits, low interest loans, permissions for additional density, waiver of development fees and public investment in new or improved infrastructure can be undertaken. The funding and grant programmes must be verified that would assist the restaurant industry (Prudhomme Raymond, 2013). Regulatory affairs- The four main categories where regulatory compliance may be regulated is waste, energy use, waste and greenhouse gas emissions. The current environmental regulations are targeted towards the hotel sector focusing on environmental health and safety and hazardous material handling. However, a wide range of future legislative practices shall impact the hotel construction, design and operations. These legislatives may be medium or long-term in nature specifically focusing on energy saving and controlling emissions. The Life Cycle Assessment concept has received acceptance which can be used as a basis for regulatory mechanisms. The different stages of environmental impacts beginning from the raw material to disposal shall be assessed. Hilton Sydney needs to monitor legislation both at the local as well as national levels for properly planning operational practices and related capital expenditures which may be useful in the future (Oliver, Naar, Harris, 2015). Stabilized utility prices and availability- Hilton Sydney may think beyond regulatory regimes and cost savings. Alternatively, they may deploy efficient equipment and forms of utility generation for hedging against future price increases in utility costs. The approach is especially important in geographic locations with developing or unreliable infrastructure, to prevent a compromised guest experience in the form of power cuts or sub-standard water quality. Energy poverty is a growing problem in Sydney as the energy bills are greater than the disposable income of the people. The increasing price of electricity causes hardship for the consumers which eventually lead to less demand of hotels (Hsieh, 2012). Enhancing brand image- Many hotel brands have incorporated sustainability into their fashion brand definition. Hilton Sydney can demonstrate sustainability in marketing materials and annual publications. Hilton Sydney can enhance itself by repositioning to cater an environmental-friendly, socially-conscious and younger generation. The environmental certification programs can impact facility selection which has been less successful with the hotel executives. Green conventions and meetings must be conducted to enhance corporate image of Hilton Sydney as the guests choose their lodging or accommodation based on price, amenities, location, and price and brand reputation. Having sustainable business practices will lead to an enhanced reputation and brand image, which translates to great hotel profits in the long term (Berezan, Millar, Raab, 2014). Improving guest experience- Hilton Sydney must increasingly understand the needs of its customers so that they can invest in technology or solutions that would positively impact guest experience. Guest experience directly affects the occupancy and average daily revenue. The introduction or generation of HVAC systems, maintenance regime and energy management devices can help in significant improvements for enhancing indoor air quality and thermal comfort for the guests and employees. The indoor environment and ambience can also be improved so that there is minimum noise from fans, compressors and boilers which otherwise spoil the guest experience (Barber Deale, 2013). Creating positive corporate culture- Employees are identified as one of the greatest benefits of going green. Employees, like hotel guests, are increasingly sophisticated and "tuned" into current thinking in society and are far more likely to identify with an employer whose principles and practices are aligned with their values. Hilton Sydney must adopt a corporate sustainable culture so that it can attract and retain talent. The staffs at the hotel must be managed and they must be engaged through educational opportunities, newsletters, site visits and environmental programs (Alonso-Almeida et al., 2016). Managing waste- Hilton Sydney can consider putting a video camera in the dumpster area so that the employees fear stealing steaks, bottles of liquor, cash or other expensive items. The employees must not be allowed to take the trash to the dumpster without the approval of manager. The staffs must manage the waste by segregation. The kitchen and bar area waste, guest accommodation waste, clear plastic bags and recyclables must be segregated. Letters can be sent to the hoteliers so that they produce less wastage. The staffs can refill the shampoo or shower gel containers so that junk can be reduced (Melissen, Cavagnaro, Duweke, 2015). Conclusion Conclusively, Sydney Hilton needs to work on its economic, social and environmental aspects to enhance sustainability. Hotel Hilton in Sydney has segmented their business for both the high end and mid-end class. Hotel Hilton maintains an integrated approach to avail the maximum technological supports as well as it modifies it business strategies with the changing scenario of the market. Wastage of the water is critical in the hospitality industry. Moreover, usage of harsh chemicals and other hazardous substances is another negative point about this hotel. Hence, lack of sustainable approach has become a major issue for the Hotel Hilton. Clients have complained about the mismanagement of the company and approach of the staffs. If the customers are not happy with the service it will leave an impact on the reputation and recognition of the organization. It has been reported that the internal shareholders are facing issues with the governing body of the Hilton hotel. The company has no such vision to grab the international market. In this regard, it can be said that the company has not taken sufficient approach to analyzing the social factors seriously. As the Hilton hotel has not adopted any innovative and attractive approach for the market expansion, it has become restricted to the domestic and regional market. Hotel Hilton has also become affected by the economic constraints of the Australia. Hilton Sydney has a dramatic impact on the environmental levels as there is high consumption of water and energy consumption. The operating costs of the hotel are too high which make the hotel expensive and over-priced for the value provided to the customers. There is a risk of culture clashes as the hotel has various visitors from across the world and the staffs may fail to understand their cultures or needs. Hilton Sydney must employ a number of strategies to reduce, reuse and recycle waste. Tax credits, low interest loans, permissions for additional density, waiver of development fees and public investment in new or improved infrastructure can be undertaken. Hilton Sydney needs to monitor legislation both at the local as well as national levels for properly planning operational practices and related capital expenditures which may be useful in the future. Recommendations Based on the above analysis, creating a green hotel seems to be the best strategy for Hilton Sydney. For running a hotel, the business must be made most sustainable as the best choice. The Natural Step organization demonstrates sustainable practices that can help protecting the local environment while improving business outcomes. Based on the recent trends, it is interpreted that the customers are more attracted towards eco-friendly hotel practices. The old beds and mattresses at Hilton Sydney must be recycled which can help in cutting own costs and creating a competitive advantage while saving the environment. It has been studied that it takes over twenty years for decomposing a mattress. Therefore, it would be better if Hilton Sydney recycles beds and mattresses rather than sending it to landfills (Jones, Hillier, Comfort, 2016). A linen reuse program must be introduced in all the rooms at Hilton Sydney. This is a significant strategy for saving water, time and cost where the customers can hang up their towel rather than tossing it for changing. The hotel must print these signs and make it available in the guest rooms so that the customers are given an opportunity to follow sustainable practices. Water usage must be reduced in every guest room. Low-flow shower heads and sink aerators must be installed. Low-flow toilets and diverters can be installed for reducing water usage (Chen Tung, 2014). Hilton Sydney must reduce energy usage so that the fuel bills can be reduced. The hotel must switch to LED lighting so that the electricity usage can be reduced. It has been studied that LEDs have the lowest carbon footprint in comparison with other electrical for lighting. Moreover, they last longer than the usual electrical appliances and can be used adequately in lobbies, guestrooms and hallways (Molina-Azorn et al., 2015). The staffs must be educated to turn off the lights, air conditioning and heating when the rooms are not occupied. The drapes must be closed during summers. Daylight must be used exclusively in the lobbies or bars so that energy consumption can be reduced. Energy star appliances must be purchased so that maximum energy can be saved as well as monitored. The old washing machines must be replaced with water and energy efficient models. A solar heating system must be installed in the hot tub or pool and it must be covered when the area is closed (Su, Hall, Ozanne, 2013). Consultations must be made with outside sources for evaluating the overall mechanical equipments and systems. Any damage must be repaired which includes coil cleaning, filter changes and thermostat calibration so that the maintenance plan is not interrupted. The guest amenities and food items must be purchased in bulk so that transportation and repeat purchases can be avoided. The hotel waste including kitchen, dining room and guest room must be recycled. Recycling baskets must be provided for newspaper, aluminium, glass, plastic and white paper. Recycling bins must be provided in kitchen, poolside, back office and every place so that recycling and waste management becomes simpler (Tews, Michel, Stafford, 2013). The amenity products purchased by Hilton Sydney may be derived from recycled products. The recycled paper products can also be used and prints can be made using soy-based inks. The paper size of invoices must be reduced so that the paper usage is minimized. The purchases mad e must be organic, fat-free and must be away from animal-cruelty products for hair, bedding, coffee, chocolate and tea. The cleaning processes must be green, non-toxic and safe in nature. An incentive program may b create for encouraging the staff base to follow environmental friendly practices (Pozo, Moretti, Tachizawa, 2016). References Abdi, H., Creighton, D., Nahavandi, S. (2013). A sustainable energy saving method for hotels by green hotel deals. InSustainability in Energy and Buildings(pp. 669-677). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Alonso-Almeida, M., Fernndez Robin, C., Celemn Pedroche, M., Astorga, P. (2016). Revisiting green practices in the hotel industry: A comparison between mature and emerging destinations.Journal Of Cleaner Production,140, 1415-1428. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.10.010 Amay, K. (2015).What really makes a five-star hotel?.Mail Online. Retrieved 3 December 2016, from https://www.dailymail.co.uk/travel/travel_news/article-3007667/What-REALLY-makes-hotel-five-star-hotel.html Azad, M. A., Ancev, T., Hernndez-Sancho, F. (2015). Efficient water uses for the sustainable irrigation industry.Water Resources Management,29(5), 1683-1696. Barber, N. Deale, C. (2013). Tapping Mindfulness to Shape Hotel Guests' Sustainable Behavior.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,55(1), 100-114. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1938965513496315 Benckendorff, P., Lund-Durlacher, D. (Eds.). (2013).International cases in sustainable travel tourism (1st ed.). New York: Goodfellow Publishers. Berezan, O., Millar, M., Raab, C. (2014). Sustainable Hotel Practices and Guest Satisfaction Levels.International Journal Of Hospitality Tourism Administration,15(1), 1-18. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15256480.2014.872884 Berezan, O., Raab, C., Yoo, M., Love, C. (2013). Sustainable hotel practices and nationality: The impact on guest satisfaction and guest intention to return.International Journal Of Hospitality Management,34, 227-233. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.03.010 Chen, M. Tung, P. (2014). Developing an extended Theory of Planned Behavior model to predict consumers intention to visit green hotels.International Journal Of Hospitality Management,36, 221-230. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.09.006 del Mar Alonso?Almeida, M., Marimon, F., Bernardo, M. (2013). Diffusion of quality standards in the hospitality sector.International Journal Of Operations Production Management,33(5), 504-527. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443571311322706 Hsieh, Y. (2012). Hotel companies' environmental policies and practices: a content analysis of their web pages.International Journal Of Contemporary Hospitality Management,24(1), 97-121. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/095961112 Jones, P., Hillier, D., Comfort, D. (2016). Sustainability in the hospitality industry.International Journal Of Contemporary Hospitality Management,28(1), 36-67. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-11-2014-0572 Kokalitcheva, K. (2015).Staying at a Hilton hotel? Uber will help you find the top restaurants and bars nearby.Fortune. Retrieved 3 December 2016, from https://fortune.com/2015/09/01/uber-hilton-rides-guides/ Liu, J., Xie, L., Zhao, X. (2014). Ethical and sustainable practices in the hospitality and tourism industry in China.International Journal Of Contemporary Hospitality Management,26(6). https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-06-2014-0271 Lockyer, T. (2013).The international hotel industry: Sustainable management (1st ed). New York: Routledge. Lockyer, T. L. (2013).Global cases on hospitality industry. (1st ed). New York: Routledge. Melissen, F. (2013). Sustainable hospitality: a meaningful notion?.Journal of sustainable Tourism,21(6), 810-824. Melissen, F., Cavagnaro, E., Damen, M., Duweke, A. (2015). Is the hotel industry prepared to face the challenge of sustainable development?.Journal Of Vacation Marketing,22(3), 227-238. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356766715618997 Molina-Azorn, J. F., Tar, J. J., Pereira-Moliner, J., Lpez-Gamero, M. D., Pertusa-Ortega, E. M. (2015). The effects of quality and environmental management on competitive advantage: A mixed methods study in the hotel industry.Tourism Management,50, 41-54. Morris, S. Kazi, S. (2014). Emerging trends regarding accessible accommodation in Dubai luxury hotels.Worldwide Hospitality And Tourism Themes,6(4), 317-327. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-01-2014-0004 Oliver, J., Naar, A., Harris, E. (2015). Festival attendees perceptions of green hotel practices.Journal Of Tourism Insights,6(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.9707/2328-0824.1051 Pozo, H., Moretti, S., Tachizawa, T. (2016). Hospitality practices as sustainable development: An empirical study of their impact on hotel customer satisfaction.Tourism Management Studies,12(1), 153-163. https://dx.doi.org/10.18089/tms.2016.12116 Prudhomme, B. Raymond, L. (2013). Sustainable development practices in the hospitality industry: An empirical study of their impact on customer satisfaction and intentions.International Journal Of Hospitality Management,34, 116-126. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.03.003 Sloan, P., Legrand, W., Chen, J. S. (2013).Sustainability in the Hospitality Industry 2nd Ed: Principles of Sustainable Operations (1st ed.). New York: Routledge. Su, Y., Hall, C., Ozanne, L. (2013). Hospitality Industry Responses to Climate Change: A Benchmark Study of Taiwanese Tourist Hotels.Asia Pacific Journal Of Tourism Research,18(1-2), 92-107. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2012.688513 Tews, M., Michel, J., Stafford, K. (2013). Does Fun Pay? The Impact of Workplace Fun on Employee Turnover and Performance.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,54(4), 370-382. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1938965513505355 Wang, C. (2014). Do ethical and sustainable practices matter?.International Journal Of Contemporary Hospitality Management,26(6), 930-947. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-01-2013-0001 Yadav, R. Dabhade, N. (2013). Service Marketing Triangle and GAP Model in Hospital Industry.International Letters Of Social And Humanistic Sciences,8, 77-85. https://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.8.77

The Second Battel Of Bll Run Essay Example For Students

The Second Battel Of Bll Run Essay The second battle of bull runThe year is 1862, during the Civil War. My name is Jack Taurance and I am eighteen years old. I am a soldier that has to fight in the 2nd Battle of Bull Run. The battle is going to take place in my hometown of Manassas, Virginia. I cannot wait. It is going to be so great I have heard that the 1st Battle of Bull Run was hell, but this one wont be. Itll be great because Im in it and I am fighting for my country and the people of Virginia. I am proud to be a part of the Confederate Army. August 27, 1862: Today is the first day of the battle. Im excited beyond imagination; I cannot express my feelings right now. Robert E. Lee, the general of the Confederate Army, has told us to get in our fighting positions. I am next to older men that have fought in other battles, and they tell me not to be so excited for war is a terrible thing. Seeing as this is so new to me I shrug off their words of wisdom and continue with my merry thoughts. The men next to me tell me I need to listen to commands and stay focused at all times, or I will loose my life. We began to march towards the Union Army. On the way, I heard loud explosions all around me; the Union Army was using cannons and mines to defend themselves. The men around me began to shoot their riffles, so I did the same. There was yelling and firing all around, it seemed as though we were surrounded. The noise was so intense I felt it throughout my body. We were in the war; it was nothing as I expected. There was death all arou nd me. I dont think I have ever been more scared in my life. I was not mentally prepared to see what I saw nor was I physically prepared to do what was expected of me. Still I stayed brave, I didnt let any of my emotions pour through, for if I did I would never have been able to continue. August 28-30, 1862: The second and third days of this war were complete hell. There was so much action during theses days. I couldnt believe it!! There was more blood, guts and body less appendages just lying around than I could have ever imagined. Seeing all this made me hope that my blood would never be mixed with sea of nameless faces that was apparently growing. The fighting was so intense and there was so much pressure I just couldnt handle it. There were times when we would be running towards the Union Army and people would be dropping like flies, all of them were dead. It is my hope that they died instantly and not from being trampled over from all of us. Sometimes I would fall because I thought I was shot, but it turned out that I would just hear the noise and become so shocked that I would become paralyzed with fear, and no longer be able to move. Because of this reaction I ended up with cuts and bruises all over me, I cant explain how awful this felt I wanted to die each mi nute. The worst feeling was when I shot and killed another human being, no different from me. Seeing another person die because of me was dreadful. Soon after, though, it became second nature to me; killing to survive. I killed many men. Our task for the war, given by General Robert E. Lee, was to regain almost all of Virginia. We had completed our mission successfully, the South had won. .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026 , .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026 .postImageUrl , .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026 , .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026:hover , .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026:visited , .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026:active { border:0!important; } .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026:active , .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026 .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua22e8749b183221c6081496d14aeb026:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Iago In Shakespeares Othello EssayThis is the worst thing I have ever experienced in my life. I thought fighting would be fun and easy. I never thought it would effect me the way it did. I am proud that I helped the Confederate States of America win this battle, but I am sorry for all those that have died. All that died by my hand and all those that died by others hands. May God forgive us all. Category: History

Influence of Exports on Indian Economy Essay Example

Influence of Exports on Indian Economy Essay Exports have played an increasingly important role in India’s economic growth in the last two decades. Still Export instability and its impact on the domestic economies of developing countries like India has been of continuing interest. However, studies dealing with the impact of export instability on economic growth have yielded two fairly different views. The 1st view emphasizes the negative impact of export instability on growth. This is based on the variability in export earnings, uncertainty in this also has an impact on private investment decisions and adversely affects both the level of capital. Due to this close link of the government revenue with export revenue instability in the exports causes variability, which amounts to disruptions in public investment and infrastructure. The second view emphasizes that export instability does not inhibit the process of growth, in fact it may encourage the growth. Rise in income due to deviations of export revenues from their trend will leave consumption unchanged and savings will rise which is believed to raise the level of investment and rate of economic growth. EXPORTS IN INDIA: India has been described as an ‘import substituting country par excellence’. A balance of payments crisis in 1991 led to the initiation of an ongoing process of trade liberalization. These events corrected the in-built systemic bias against exports and they have led to a degree of correction of the price distortions in the Indian economy through the creation of a more open economy. We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Exports on Indian Economy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Exports on Indian Economy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Exports on Indian Economy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer More importantly, increased competition and the presence of firms from foreign markets has injected a greater degree of quality consciousness and customer orientation, which has been largely absent due to the lack of competitive pressures. In the past there were few foreign firms present in the protected domestic Indian market. These changes have reduced the tendency of Indian firms to seek and obtain protection from foreign imports. Policy reform has also reduced the effectiveness of attempts by Indian firms to hide behind high tariff barriers and it has challenged interests that have attempted to perpetuate inefficient production. In recent years, India’s percentage share in world exports has been increasing steadily, though at a slow pace. Further, India is building up new areas of strength in export markets by moving to computer software exports, exports of pharmaceuticals and engineering manufactures in addition to traditional export strengths in gems amp; jewellery amp; textiles. Post 1991, the gradual liberalization of the Indian economy characterized by policy reforms created a conducive environment for India’s exports to flourish and evolve into social and economic growth. Hence, the last two decades have witnessed India transform from a closed economy to a considerable player in the global market. Though India had previously experienced a negative growth in its exports, such a prolonged period of decline had not been witnessed in over two decades. It is evident that India’s export performance and economic growth are closely inter-linked. Over time, the export sector has grown to be a significant earner of foreign exchange and a major contributor to India’s national income. Further, the performance of this sector is highly dependent on domestic as well as global factors. As a consequence of this, domestic as well as international economic policies have a bearing on the overall export performance of India. India’s export performance : India’s international trade and reliance on domestic factors fueled growth during the fifties, exports played a smaller role, where India’s exports lost its world market share between 1951-1960 and 1961-70. Till the mid seventies, India’s policy was restrictive and focused on developing the domestic industry, while tightening control on foreign trade . Moreover, India’s exports also suffered because export incentives were only available to a limited number of manufacturing industries and selected agricultural exports. The table below reveals that the period between 1961 and 1970 had higher imports (as a share of GDP), compared to exports which may have contributed to a growing foreign exchange shortage. Additionally, high levels of inflation and budget deficits coupled with the India-Pakistan war severely affected foreign aid and led to a foreign exchange crisis, which resulted in the devaluation of the rupee in 1966. Export and Import growth (%) Following the oil-price shocks, the Indian rupee steadily appreciated by almost 20 percent between 1979 and 1986 and had an adverse impact on its export competitiveness. It is interesting to note that in the early eighties, when world exports grew at 2. 7 percent per year, Indian exports grew at a higher rate of over 6 percent. Nonetheless, India’s share in world merchandise exports fell to less than 1 percent from as much as 2. 1 percent in 1951. India’s export performance since 1991 has fluctuated. In 1997, for the first time after liberalization, India’s exports registered a negative growth of 2. 33 percent. The situation for India worsened when its competitor countries (ASEAN) devalued their currencies amidst the crisis, which reduced the competitiveness of India’s exports in the international market for textile and electronics commodities, where India directly competed with ASEAN exports in overseas markets. India’s imports also suffered and reduced by 2. 44 percent due to weak domestic demand, lower industrial activity and a lower unit value of imports. Export and Import share (%) in India’s GDP : Source: Author’s calculations based on World Development Indicators (WDI) and United Nations (UN) Comtrade database http://data. orldbank. org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators , http://comtrade. un. org/db In 2001-02, India faced another setback in its exports, at large, due to the semi-recession faced by the US; one of India’s biggest trading partners. The terrorist attack on the World Trade Centre caused a net loss of 0. 25 percent of US GDP and also had an impact on India’s exports, which grew only at 5 percent that year. The next major setback for India’s exports was the global crisis of 2008. The collapse of large investment banks around the world coupled with high oil prices and rising inflation led to a global recession. Even though the export sector plays a significant role in the domestic economy by contributing close to 25 percent to India’s GDP (in 2009), its contribution to world exports continues to remain minimal, at a mere 1. 5 percent of world exports in 2009. Between 1991 and 2009, India’s share in world exports rose from 0. 56 to 1. 52 percent. But overall, the economic reforms implemented in India did not have a significant impact on India’s position in the world export market, unlike the reforms implemented in countries like China, South Korea or Taiwan. Sectoral composition of Exports Merchandise exports comprise a major portion of India’s exports to the world. However, a decline in its share and a rise in the contribution of services is visible post 1996. India has experienced a rapid growth in its services sector in the last decade and this is likely to continue in the near future. A combination of demand and supply side factors has influenced the growth of services in India. Sectoral contribution of India’s total merchandise exports : Source: Author’s calculations based on United Nations (UN) Comtrade database http://comtrade. un. rg/db A comparison of India’s export composition with that of its competitors reveals a major point of difference. While for India, services has grown to be a major contributor to its world exports, some of its key competitors like China, Brazil and South Africa continue to earn close to 90 percent of their export revenue through merchandise exports alone. Therefore, the merchandise component plays a bigger role in the exports of other emerging economies, a fact which could explain why India’s share in world merchandise exports has remained low. India- Goods (merchandise) and Services share (%) in total exports Source: Author’s calculations based on UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) database http://unctadstat. unctad. org/ReportFolders/reportFolders. aspx? sCS_referer=amp;sCS_ChosenLang=en Government Initiatives Even though India’s manufacturing exports have resurged since 2001 and grown at a steady rate of over 25 percent between 2002 and 2008, the manufacturing sector has not performed as well. Where the share of manufacturing GDP has remained stagnant. In contrast, the services sector has performed well and contributed significantly towards India’s economic growth. Moreover, India’s performance in services exports has been stronger than most other emerging economies for which their manufacturing sector has been the main driver. A historical review of government initiatives reveals that the policies designed by the Indian government have been instrumental in shaping the development of international trade. As India has progressively moved towards becoming a more open economy, policies have evolved to support trade and increase the volume of exports. However, the average performance of the manufacturing sector has for long, been a cause of concern. In recent years, the Indian government has acknowledged the severity of this issue and taken an important policy initiative in 2011 by approving the New Manufacturing Policy. This policy is aimed at building the capacity of the sector, strengthening its contribution to the GDP as well as improving the international competitiveness of the manufacturing sector. The Indian economy, however, continued to be resistant towards imports and this was reflected in the existing tariff rates. Share of manufactured exports in world (manufacturing) exports: Source: Author’s calculations based on United Nations (UN) Comtrade database http://comtrade. n. org/db India’s key manufactured exports: Since manufactured goods constitute a majority of India’s merchandise exports, it is important to analyze the composition of manufactured exports to identify India’s key export commodities. The following figure shows the distribution of top manufactured goods exports. Source: Autho r’s calculations based on United Nations (UN) Comtrade database http://comtrade. un. org/db Overall, the figure depicts a structural shift in India manufactured exports, away from cotton and textile oriented exports and towards more technique and technology-based items such as pharmaceutical products (medicaments), elecommunication equipment’s etc. The export barriers in India have been hampering Indian exports to a great extent and most of such barriers have been announced by the European Union regarding certification requirements, application of pesticides, dumping of waste products. But the most significant export barrier faced by the Indian exporters is red tapism which is mostly accompanied by corruption. However, the government of India has considered plans to liberate the Indian exporters from the cumbersome paper works and simplify the required procedures. Indian Government keeps swinging on the products that are banned from being exported from India . Frequent ban on export of food grains and other farm commodities should soon be addressed by the commerce department. The move will help India restore some global credibility as it has often faced flak for its banning. Indian Government has banned 58 products from being exported from India. Flip-flop on exports of onions, sugar and cotton in particular has been criticized at the international forum such as  WTO  and G-20, creating fears of India being branded as an unreliable supplier. CONCLUSION: Growth of an economy is directly related to exports. If exports increase at a faster pace as compared to imports, nothing can stop an economy from being a developing one. On the other hand, the instability in exports can adversely affect the process of economic development. It is clear that the export performance of an industry is shaped by a number of factors, including global and partner country economic conditions, costs, market structure, domestic regulations and policy incentives. India’s export performance is equally likely to be affected by macroeconomic variables such as inflation, world demand (or GDP), tariff and non-tariff barriers and also exchange rates. In particular, an RBI report suggested that fluctuation in the value of the rupee affected Indian industries asymmetrically. While labor-intensive sectors such as cotton and leather experienced a fall in export growth (due to an appreciated rupee between 2006 and 2007), high import-intensive sectors like engineering were expected to perform better during the same period, due to lower import costs. Rest apart Government olicies do play a vital role in this sector. Government needs to plan the development, look into other influencing factors and accordingly regulate the EXIM ( Export-Import ) policies to better growth.

The Tragic and Shocking Assassination of JFK

The Tragic and Shocking Assassination of JFK On November 22, 1963, the youth and idealism of America in the 1960s faltered as its young President, John F. Kennedy, was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald while riding in a motorcade through Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas. Two days later, Oswald was shot and killed by Jack Ruby during a prisoner transfer. After researching all the available evidence about Kennedy’s assassination, the Warren Commission officially ruled in 1964 that Oswald acted alone; a point still greatly contested by conspiracy theorists worldwide. Plans for the Texas Tour John F. Kennedy was elected to the presidency in 1960. A member of an illustrious political family from Massachusetts, the World War II  naval veteran Kennedy and his young wife, Jacqueline (â€Å"Jackie†), charmed their way into the hearts of America. The couple and their beautiful young children, three-year-old Caroline and infant John Jr., quickly became favorites of every media outlet across the United States. Despite a somewhat turbulent three years in office, by 1963 Kennedy was still popular and thinking about running for a second term. Although he had not officially announced his decision to run again, Kennedy planned a tour that resembled the beginnings of another campaign. Since Kennedy and his advisers were aware that Texas was a state where a win would provide crucial electoral votes, plans were made for Kennedy and Jackie to visit the state that falls, with stops planned for San Antonio, Houston, Fort Worth, Dallas, and Austin. It would be Jackie’s first major foray back into public life after the loss of her infant son, Patrick, in August. Arrival in Texas The Kennedy’s left Washington, D.C. on November 21, 1963. Their first stop that day was in San Antonio, where they were met by a welcoming committee led by Vice President and Texan Lyndon B. Johnson. After attending the dedication of a new aerospace medical center at the Brooks Air Force Base, the President and his wife continued on to Houston where he delivered an address to a Latin American organization and attended a dinner for Congressman Albert Thomas. That night, they stayed in Fort Worth. The Fateful Day in Dallas Begins The following morning, after addressing the Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce, President Kennedy and First Lady Jackie Kennedy boarded a plane for a brief flight to Dallas. Their stay in Fort Worth was not without incident; several of Kennedys Secret Service entourage were spotted drinking in two establishments during his stay there. No immediate action was taken against the offenders but the issue would arise later in the Warren Commission investigation of Kennedy’s stay in Texas. The Kennedys arrived in Dallas just before noon on November 22 with approximately 30 members of the Secret Service accompanying them. The plane landed at Love Field, which would later serve as the site of Johnson’s swearing-in ceremony. They were met there by a convertible 1961 Lincoln Continental limousine that was to take them on a ten-mile parade route within the city of Dallas, ending at the Trade Mart, where Kennedy was scheduled to deliver a luncheon address. The car was driven by Secret Service agent William Greer. Texas Governor John Connally and his wife also accompanied the Kennedys in the vehicle. The Assassination Thousands of people lined the parade route hoping for a glance at President Kennedy and his beautiful wife. Just before 12:30 p.m., the presidential motorcade turned right from Main Street onto Houston Street and entered Dealey Plaza. The presidential limousine then turned left onto Elm Street. After passing the Texas School Book Depository, which was situated at the corner of Houston and Elm, shots suddenly rang out. One shot hit President Kennedy’s throat and he reached up with both hands toward the injury. Then another shot struck President Kennedy’s head, blowing off a part of his skull. Jackie Kennedy leapt from her seat and started scrambling for the back of the car. Governor Connally was also struck in the back and chest (he would survive his wounds). As the assassination scene was unfolding, Secret Service agent Clint Hill jumped from the car following the presidential limousine and ran up to the Kennedys’ car. He then jumped onto the back of the Lincoln Continental in an attempt to shield the Kennedys from the would-be assassin. He arrived too late. Hill, however, was able to help Jackie Kennedy. Hill pushed Jackie back into her seat and stayed with her the rest of the day. Jackie then cradled Kennedy’s head in her lap all the way to the hospital. The President Is Dead As the driver of the limousine realized what had occurred, he immediately left the parade route and sped toward Parkland Memorial Hospital. They arrived at the hospital within five minutes of the shooting. Kennedy was placed on a stretcher and wheeled into trauma room 1. It is believed that Kennedy was still alive when he arrived at the hospital, but barely. Connally was taken to trauma room 2. Doctors made every attempt to save Kennedy but it was quickly determined that his wounds were too severe. Catholic priest Father Oscar L. Huber administered last rites and then chief neurologist Dr. William Kemp Clark pronounced Kennedy dead at 1 p.m. An announcement was made at 1:30 p.m. that President Kennedy had died from his wounds. The entire nation came to a standstill. Parishioners flocked to churches where they prayed and school children were sent home to mourn with their families. Even 50 years later, nearly every American who was alive that day can remember where they were when they heard the announcement that Kennedy was dead. The President’s body was transported to Love Field via a 1964 Cadillac hearse supplied by Dallas’ O’Neill funeral home. The funeral home also supplied the casket that was used to transport Kennedy’s body. When the casket arrived at the airport, the President was loaded onto Air Force One for transport back to Washington, D.C. Johnson’s Swearing In At 2:30 p.m., just prior to Air Force One leaving for Washington, Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson took the oath of office in the conference room of the plane. Jackie Kennedy, still wearing her blood-splattered pink dress, stood at his side as U.S. District Court Judge Sarah Hughes administered the oath. During this ceremony, Johnson officially became the 36th President of the United States. This inauguration would be historical for many reasons, including the fact that it was the first time the oath of office was administered by a woman and the only time it occurred on an airplane. It was also notable for the fact that there was not a Bible readily available for Johnson to utilize during the swearing in, so instead a Roman Catholic missal was utilized. (Kennedy had kept the missal on Air Force One.) Lee Harvey Oswald Although the Dallas police closed down the Texas School Book Depository within minutes of the shooting, a suspect was not immediately located. Approximately 45 minutes later, at 1:15 p.m., a report was received that a Dallas patrolman, J.D. Tippit, had been shot. Police were suspicious that the shooter might be the same in both incidents and quickly closed in on the reported suspect who had taken refuge in the Texas Theater. At 1:50 p.m., police surrounded Lee Harvey Oswald; Oswald pulled a gun on them, but the police successfully arrested him. Oswald was a former Marine who was identified as having ties to both communist Russia and Cuba. At one point, Oswald traveled to Russia with hopes of establishing himself there; however, the Russian government believed him to be unstable and sent him back. Oswald had then attempted to go to Cuba but failed to get a visa through the Mexican government. In October 1963, he returned to Dallas and procured a job at the Texas School Book Depository through a friend of his wife, Marina. With his job at the book depository, Oswald had access to the eastern-most sixth floor window where he is believed to have created his sniper’s nest. After shooting Kennedy, he hid the Italian-made rifle that was identified as the murder weapon in a stack of boxes where it was later discovered by police. Oswald was then seen in the depository’s second-floor lunchroom approximately a minute and a half after the shooting. By the time police sealed off the building shortly after the assassination, Oswald had already exited the building. Oswald was captured in the theater, arrested, and charged with the murders of President John F. Kennedy and patrolman J.D. Tippit. Jack Ruby On Sunday morning, November 24, 1963 (just two days after JFK’s assassination), Oswald was in the process of being moved from the Dallas Police Headquarters to the county jail. At 11:21 a.m., as Oswald was being led through the basement of police headquarters for the transfer, Dallas nightclub owner Jack Ruby shot and killed Oswald in front of live television news cameras. Ruby’s initial reasons for shooting Oswald were because he was distraught over Kennedy’s death and he wanted to spare Jackie Kennedy the difficulty of enduring Oswald’s trial. Ruby was convicted of killing Oswald in March 1964 and given the death sentence; however, he died of lung cancer in 1967 before an upcoming re-trial could occur. Kennedy’s Arrival in Washington D.C. After Air Force One landed at Andrews Air Force Base just outside of Washington D.C. on the evening of November 22, 1963, Kennedy’s body was taken via automobile to the Bethesda Naval Hospital for an autopsy. The autopsy found two wounds to the head and one to the neck. In 1978, the published findings of the congressional House Select Committee on Assassinations revealed that JFK’s brain had gone missing at some point during the autopsy. After the autopsy was completed, Kennedy’s body, still at the Bethesda Hospital, was prepared for burial by a local funeral home, which also replaced the original casket that had been damaged during transfer. Kennedy’s body was then transported to the East Room of the White House, where it remained until the following day. At Jackie’s request, Kennedy’s body was accompanied by two Catholic priests during this time. An honor guard was also stationed with the late President. On Sunday afternoon, November 24, 1963, Kennedy’s flag-draped casket was loaded onto a caisson, or gun wagon, for transfer to the Capitol rotunda. The caisson was pulled by six grey horses and had previously been used to carry the body of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. It was followed by a riderless black horse with reversed boots placed into the stirrups to symbolize the fallen President. The Funeral The first Democrat to lie in state at the Capitol, Kennedy’s body remained there for 21 hours. Nearly 250,000 mourners came to pay their final respects; some waited up to ten hours in line to do so, despite the cold temperatures in Washington that November. The viewing was supposed to end at 9 p.m.; however, a decision was made to leave the Capitol open overnight to accommodate the throngs of people who arrived at the Capitol. On Monday, November 25, Kennedy’s coffin was taken from the Capitol to St. Matthew’s Cathedral, where dignitaries from over 100 countries attended Kennedy’s state funeral. Millions of Americans stopped their daily routines to watch the funeral on television. After the service concluded, the coffin began its final procession from the church to Arlington Cemetery. Black Jack, a riderless horse with polished boots turned backward in its stirrups, followed the caisson. The horse represented a warrior fallen in battle or a leader who would lead his people no longer. Jackie had her two little children with her and as they exited the church, three-year-old John Jr. stopped for a moment and raised his hand to his forehead in a childish salute. It was one of the most heart-wrenching images of the day. Kennedy’s remains were then buried at Arlington Cemetery, after which Jackie and the President’s brothers, Robert and Edward, lit an eternal flame. The Warren Commission With Lee Harvey Oswald dead, there remained many unanswered questions about the reasons for and the circumstances surrounding John F. Kennedy’s assassination. To answer these questions, President Lyndon Johnson issued Executive Order No. 11130, which established an investigatory commission that was officially called the â€Å"President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy.† The commission was led by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Earl Warren; as a result, it is commonly referred to as the Warren Commission. For the remainder of 1963 and most of 1964, the Warren Commission intensively researched all that had been discovered about JFK’s assassination and Oswald’s assassination. They carefully examined every aspect of the case, visited Dallas to examine the scene, requested further investigations if facts seemed uncertain, and poured over the transcripts of literally thousands of interviews. Plus, the Commission conducted a series of hearings where they heard testimony themselves. After nearly a year of investigating, the Commission notified President Johnson of their findings on September 24, 1964. The Commission issued these findings in a report that ran 888 pages. The Warren Commission found: Lee Harvey Oswald was the lone assassin and conspirator in the death of President John F. Kennedy.A single bullet caused non-fatal wounds to both Kennedy and Connelly. A second bullet caused Kennedy’s fatal head wound.Jack Ruby acted alone in his assassination of Oswald and did not conspire with anyone to commit this act. The final report was highly controversial and has been questioned by conspiracy theorists through the years. It was briefly revisited by the House Select Committee on Assassinations in 1976, which ultimately upheld the major findings of the Warren Commission.

BUSINESS ETHICS ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

BUSINESS ETHICS ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example ny name, Kenneth Lay was made the Chief Executive Officer and he wanted to expand Enron’s market share as well as the type of markets Enron was in since he had a very different vision for the new shape of the company (Welch, 2005). Houston Natural Gas had previously been in the business of making their money from junk bonds which were also used in the formation of Enron. At the same time, Kenneth Lay wanted to become the biggest player in the energy sector through successful trade earnings from futures contracts (NPR, 2006). To his advantage, Spectrum 7, an oil-well concern welcomed a partnership with Enron a year after its creation. Spectrum 7 was headed by George W. Bush, son of the then-Vice President George H. W. Bush. With falling gas prices in the mid 1980’s, Enron and other gas firms vigorously lobbied for deregulation to get benefits for themselves (Thomas, 2002). It has been known for many years that ethically dubious political connections can help a business but such situations often come to light if the business is unsuccessful (Medawar, 1976). The deregulation action came into effect when buyers switched to the fuel oil as the cheaper alternative. Fluctuating gas prices allowed Enron to start marketing gas futures; securing gas prices at a later date promised to their stakeholders. Similarly, the company lobbied once again for electricity just before selling electric power futures contracts (NPR, 2006). From then on, Enron was aggressive in expanding its services in other sectors such as the water utility sector by creating a company named Azurix which partly collapsed on the NYSE in 1999 and finally shut down operations in 2001 (Thomas, 2002). Concurrently, Jeffery Skilling who had been hired in 1990 to lead the financial side of Enron’s operation became a major personality of the energy trading businesses and became the president and COO for Enron. He built wealth reserves for the company by trading in thirty different industries and was

Comparison-Contrast essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Comparison-Contrast - Essay Example For instance, she says that success is not the only way to make one happy saying that it is better for her children to be moderately successful, but very happy, rather than be high achievers haunted by the misery of being overly controlled. Amy Chua is a Chinese author, but working at the Yale school of law. Her works have served to highlight several aspects that define the Chinese parenting model. From her opinion, Chinese children are more likely to register success in their endeavors compared to the western children. This is because of the different models adopted during parenting. Chua highlights her experience of motherhood and parenting an effort to depict a typical Chinese mother. It emerges that Chinese mothers are very strict and employ different strategies that can propel the children to success. The convictions of these mothers are based on the fact that young children do not have an interest in working hard. The notion of working hard must be inculcated in them as they grow older. This is the reason why Chua highlights that Chinese mothers are more likely to override the passions and preferences of their children. Notably, Chua reveals that Chinese children do not have an opportunity to decide what is best for them, but rather parents make all the critical decisions surrounding the lives of their children. In one of Chua’s article that has caused a controversy about parenting between the western models and the Chinese model, Chua describes the parenting model adopted by the Chinese mothers. The article is titled, ‘Why Chinese Mothers are Superior’. This article highlights that parents have the responsibility of imparting their children with the required skills and competences. Chinese mothers demand that their children should be above average students. Therefore, they spend time and effort molding their children to become remarkable individuals in the society. However, the strategies for achieving this differ from

Should and United and States and government and supply and health and Essay

Should and United and States and government and supply and health and care and all and citizens and their and families - Essay Example The health of citizens in any given country is vital to the growth and development of that country. In order to guarantee that the government does not enlarge its budget deficit by treating preventable diseases as well as maintain the productivity of its citizens, it is necessary that the United States Federal government provide health care to citizens who cannot afford their own. Lange writes that the portrayal of Obama healthcare reform as a foray into socialism is ironical at best since programs such as Medicare and Medicaid consume eight percent of the national budget, which is the same amount in socialist European countries. The only difference is that their medical programs cater for every citizen, not just the seniors. He quotes Reid who points out in his book ‘The Healing of America: A Global Quest for Better, Cheaper, and Fairer Health Care’ on the need to pattern American health care reform after that employed by other developed nations. Reid states that close to 18,000 Americans die every year, since they lack access to the basic medical treatment that would otherwise save their lives, based on statistics from the Institute of Medicine. Despite some people having access to healthcare, approximately 200,000 lose their lives owing to preventable medical errors as well as preventable hospital infections. Proquest.umi.com cites the Medicaid report stating that the death of people who earn a salary of less than 10,000 dollars is three times more than that of people with an income of 30,000 dollars. Overall, lack of a proper healthcare is seventy times more dangerous to American citizens each year compared to the September 11 attacks. Reid further points out the fact that other wealthy nations around the world have been able to provide accessible health care to their citizens at a more affordable rate than the US. He explains a set of health care models that exist in these nations.

Policies for Genetically Modified Foods (GMF)

Policies for Genetically Modified Foods (GMF) Peter De Grassi 1. Background Genetically Modified Foods, or GMF, are a new and useful item for our world. They are labeled as a manipulation to a crops genetic make-up to change or enhance its characteristics. In the 1980s, a discovery was made to change ones DNA and this was called GMP or the genetic modification process. In 1983, the first plant, a tobacco plant, was modified to be resistant to anti-biotic and was a success. These crops were a huge success with many. In 2004, it was recorded that almost 8.5 million farmers around in 18 countries have started growing these crops. Soybeans, maize, cotton and canola take most of the market of genetically modified foods. Even though they are useful, they are sometimes harmful to those who digest them. Their have been cases where people were severely injured by these products. With theses problems many have made progress in making these food items more safe. Many protocols such as the Cartagena Protocol on Biodiversity or the Biodiversity protocol have helped with making genetically modified foods safer to consume. Some of the ways these protocols help with the problems is they regulate and ensure the safe passing of genetically modified foods around the world and also make sure people check these foods. People such as the FAO and the UN have also helped with this problem and have put in great efforts to neutralizing the problems of GMFs. II. UN Involvement One of the main participators in cleaning up some of the genetically modified foods problems is the United Nations. The UN has put efforts in making genetically modified foods more safe for people to grow and eat. The UN has created a protocol called the Cartagena Protocol on Biodiversity which is an international agreement that wants to create a more safe process of handling and giving living modified foods around the world. Also many people have wanted a protocol for helping with bulk shipments of genetically modified foods and living modified foods to create a more safe and easier way to ship these foods. With these protocols the UN believes it will keep a more secure market for genetically modified foods and less injuries will happen because of this. The UN has also created some International organizations to help with this dilemma. Some of these are the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), the World Health Organizations (WHO) and the World Food Program (WFP). These organiza tions help around the world with the supplies they have and also with the members around the world. With the help of the UN and its organizations, they believe they can create a more protected market for people around the world. III. Country Policy Qatar has done as much as they can for the situation they have in their country. Qatar has created a labeling system which tells customers if an item is a genetically modified food or not. Qatar believes this will help its customer to chose natural foods or GMOs. Qatar has joined the Cartagena Protocol on Biodiversity and believes this will also help with the problems and effects of GMOs. They also created the Biodiversity protocol which promotes safety of international trading of GMOs and also the carrying of these items. With all these protocols Qatar believes this will stop fatal injuries and the death of some of its citizens. With the help of the UN with Qatar, Qatar believes they will create a safer environment for their citizens. They have created some possible solutions to stop this problem. First Qatar believes we should, make a treaty to ensure that there are no possible chemicals in these foods that could harm our people and have these countries check for those chemicals. Next we should also check for these chemicals in shipping items to make sure they didnt catch and diseases or bugs while being shipped. Check new modification towards food and have beta testing to ensure that are no side effects to these modifications to make sure they do not harm our people. With these solution this will guarantee the safety of our people. Work Cited Genetically Modified Foods: Harmful or Helpful?Genetically Modified Foods: Harmful or Helpful?N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Feb. 2014. History of Genetically Modified Foods.History of Genetically Modified Foods. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Feb. 2014. UN Announces New Measures to Boost Safety in Trade of Genetically Modified Organisms.UN News Center. UN, 27 Feb. 2004. Web. 10 Feb. 2014. UN Announces New Measures to Boost Safety in Trade of Genetically Modified Organisms.UN News Center. UN, 27 Feb. 2004. Web. 10 Feb. 2014. Peter De Grassi Who (adv) Qatar Laguna Hills High School 2014 Position Paper I. Background Organ trade, like genetically modified food, is a good thing but also a bad thing. Organ trade is defined as the trading of organs illegally between two people for money or profit. The number of donors increased from 196,000 to 382,000 in the span of 9 years across the globe. The ESKF cost around 32.5 billion dollars a year which 6.5% of the health care market. The first successful transplant was a kidney which happened in Boston in 1954. This transplant was from a healthy twin to his very sick brother who needed it badly. In organ trade, there are 3 categories of trafficking of organs and firsts without the persons knowledge. Secondly is when people are tricked into giving their organs to other people and do not get anything in return And lastly people give up their organs for money but dont get the money they were promised. With in these categories are many other ways of doing it but these are the main way. For the past years, many people have been stripped of their organs illegall y or stripped from dead bodies. With all these ways it hard to solve this with just one solution. We need many different aspects of help to close this problem in all different regions. Some will need to donate money or get volunteers and also we must make new laws to stop this problem. With these problems many have stepped up to help with it. The UN has done a big part and a whole bunch of IGOs have also. II. UN Involvement The UN has many ideas to stop this problem of organ trafficking and are willing to help countries with the problems. The UN has also got help from some of its IGOs such as the WHO and the COFS. These organization are willing to donate volunteers to help with the problem. They are many more local organization that are also helping. The Un first believe that we should make a protocol to suppress and further punish people who traffic these organs. With this it will keep offenders of this in jail and will almost like a scare tactic for others. Some more organizations are the CPDC and also the European Committee of Crime problems. These will help in solving the crime of this and also helping with the imprisonment of the offenders. The UN has helped exponentially with America and most of South America to stop this in their region. Their are willing to spread out after that to many other countries to help them with their problems III. Country Profile Qatar has worked with the coalition for Organ-failure system or COFS which is a non profit organization trying to stop the trafficking of organs. Qatar is also getting help form the World Health Organization or WHO which is providing volunteers for them. Qatar has also made some laws in organ donors to fill out more paper slips and more precaution in the surgeries. They have also made some special hospitals for organ donors to go to so they wont go to these cons who will take their organs. While Qatar has other problems, they are still putting in their best efforts on this dilemma. Some possible solutions for this problem is to make rehabilitation centers for people affected by their organs being trafficked or their organ being stolen. This will help bringing them back to health and also get them back on their feet. Another idea is to make specialized hospitals for organs donors where they will not be tricked into giving their organs away. They will also have secure areas for the organs to be shipped and to be held and kept clean and in good condition. Works Cited Genetically Modified Foods: Harmful or Helpful?Genetically Modified Foods: Harmful or Helpful?N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Feb. 2014. Human Trafficking for Organ Removal: Evidence from Egypt by Debra Budiani-Saberi.Rights Work Initiative. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014. The Human Trafficking Project: Organ Trafficking: A Fast-Expanding Black Market.The Human Trafficking Project. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014. Trafficking for Organ Trade.Trafficking for Organ Trade. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Feb. 2014.

Bilingual Education Blows Away the Competition :: Essays Papers

Bilingual Education Blows Away the Competition "It would be scary if bilingual education wasnt there, because I wouldnt be able to understand the teacher, and I wouldnt know what to do, and I would have problems," said one young supporter of bilingual education (Keifer 10). Education is the single most important tool for future greatness. It is necessary for success in all endeavors. Those who need more assistance in their learning still deserve to receive the best education possible. Just because they do not learn in the same way, does not mean that they can be neglected in this meaningful aspect of life. Language minority children are part of that category. They have trouble learning because they are Limited English Proficient (LEP). In Arizona, these children are most likely to come from a Mexican heritage since the state is so close to Mexico. For over a hundred years schools have been implementing a program that teaches LEP children in their native language first, then slowly transitioning them into learning in English. During their entire education the students are continually learning the English language. This long-term focus of learning English as well as learning standard subjects in the native language is geared so the students will not fall behind on their general studies. This method is highly regarded because it develops the childrens native language as well as English. They need this type of bilingual education to keep their communication skills within their culture. In the past there has been a large controversy surrounding the education of minority children. The quality of education in the bilingual education programs across the country is being questioned. The battle to eliminate bilingual education has succeeded in California. In 1998, the "English for the Children" initiative, led by Ron Unz, met strong opposition as well as strong agreement. The initiative called for only one year of "structured English immersion" for LEP students, followed by reclassification into an English-only classroom. This means that these young children will be thrust into an English-speaking classroom with only one year of English instruction. They will be left to "sink or swim" in these classes, a method which the Supreme Court found to violate their right to an equal education. This thoughtless initiative went on to win a victory in California at the expense of many children who will now find it even more difficult to survive in the education system.